配置嵌入式Servlet容器 SpringBoot默认使用Tomcat作为嵌入式的Servlet容器;
定制和修改Servlet容器的相关配置; 1、修改和server有关的配置(ServerProperties【也是EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer】);
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 server.port =8081 server.context-path =/crud server.tomcat.uri-encoding =UTF-8 //通用的Servlet容器设置 server.xxx //Tomcat的设置 server.tomcat.xxx
2、编写一个EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer :嵌入式的Servlet容器的定制器;来修改Servlet容器的配置
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 @Bean public EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer embeddedServletContainerCustomizer () { return new EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer() { @Override public void customize (ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) { container.setPort(8083 ); } }; }
注册Servlet三大组件【Servlet、Filter、Listener】 由于SpringBoot默认是以jar包的方式启动嵌入式的Servlet容器来启动SpringBoot的web应用,没有web.xml文件。
注册三大组件用以下方式
ServletRegistrationBean
1 2 3 4 5 6 @Bean public ServletRegistrationBean myServlet () { ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new MyServlet(),"/myServlet" ); return registrationBean; }
FilterRegistrationBean
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 @Bean public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter () { FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); registrationBean.setFilter(new MyFilter()); registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/hello" ,"/myServlet" )); return registrationBean; }
ServletListenerRegistrationBean
1 2 3 4 5 @Bean public ServletListenerRegistrationBean myListener () { ServletListenerRegistrationBean<MyListener> registrationBean = new ServletListenerRegistrationBean<>(new MyListener()); return registrationBean; }
SpringBoot帮我们自动SpringMVC的时候,自动的注册SpringMVC的前端控制器;DIspatcherServlet;
DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration中:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 @Bean (name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_REGISTRATION_BEAN_NAME)@ConditionalOnBean (value = DispatcherServlet.class , name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME)public ServletRegistrationBean dispatcherServletRegistration ( DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet) { ServletRegistrationBean registration = new ServletRegistrationBean( dispatcherServlet, this .serverProperties.getServletMapping()); registration.setName(DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME); registration.setLoadOnStartup( this .webMvcProperties.getServlet().getLoadOnStartup()); if (this .multipartConfig != null ) { registration.setMultipartConfig(this .multipartConfig); } return registration; }
2)、SpringBoot能不能支持其他的Servlet容器;
替换为其他嵌入式Servlet容器
默认支持:
Tomcat(默认使用)
1 2 3 4 5 <dependency > <groupId > org.springframework.boot</groupId > <artifactId > spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId > 引入web模块默认就是使用嵌入式的Tomcat作为Servlet容器; </dependency >
Jetty
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 <dependency > <groupId > org.springframework.boot</groupId > <artifactId > spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId > <exclusions > <exclusion > <artifactId > spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId > <groupId > org.springframework.boot</groupId > </exclusion > </exclusions > </dependency > <dependency > <artifactId > spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId > <groupId > org.springframework.boot</groupId > </dependency >
Undertow
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 <dependency > <groupId > org.springframework.boot</groupId > <artifactId > spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId > <exclusions > <exclusion > <artifactId > spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId > <groupId > org.springframework.boot</groupId > </exclusion > </exclusions > </dependency > <dependency > <artifactId > spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId > <groupId > org.springframework.boot</groupId > </dependency >
嵌入式Servlet容器自动配置原理; EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration:嵌入式的Servlet容器自动配置
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 @AutoConfigureOrder (Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)@Configuration @ConditionalOnWebApplication @Import (BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar.class ) //导入BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar :Spring 注解版;给容器中导入一些组件 //导入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor : //后置处理器:bean 初始化前后(创建完对象,还没赋值赋值)执行初始化工作 public class EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration { @Configuration @ConditionalOnClass ({ Servlet.class , Tomcat .class })//判断当前是否引入了Tomcat 依赖; @ConditionalOnMissingBean (value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class , search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT) public static class EmbeddedTomcat { @Bean public TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory () { return new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory(); } } @Configuration @ConditionalOnClass ({ Servlet.class , Server .class , Loader .class , WebAppContext .class }) @ConditionalOnMissingBean (value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class , search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT) public static class EmbeddedJetty { @Bean public JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory jettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory () { return new JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory(); } } @Configuration @ConditionalOnClass ({ Servlet.class , Undertow .class , SslClientAuthMode .class }) @ConditionalOnMissingBean (value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class , search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT) public static class EmbeddedUndertow { @Bean public UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory undertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory () { return new UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory(); } }
1)、EmbeddedServletContainerFactory(嵌入式Servlet容器工厂)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 public interface EmbeddedServletContainerFactory { EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer ( ServletContextInitializer... initializers) ;}
2)、EmbeddedServletContainer:(嵌入式的Servlet容器)
3)、以TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory 为例
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 @Override public EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer ( ServletContextInitializer... initializers) { Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat(); File baseDir = (this .baseDirectory != null ? this .baseDirectory : createTempDir("tomcat" )); tomcat.setBaseDir(baseDir.getAbsolutePath()); Connector connector = new Connector(this .protocol); tomcat.getService().addConnector(connector); customizeConnector(connector); tomcat.setConnector(connector); tomcat.getHost().setAutoDeploy(false ); configureEngine(tomcat.getEngine()); for (Connector additionalConnector : this .additionalTomcatConnectors) { tomcat.getService().addConnector(additionalConnector); } prepareContext(tomcat.getHost(), initializers); return getTomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(tomcat); }
4)、我们对嵌入式容器的配置修改是怎么生效?
1 ServerProperties、EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer
EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer :定制器帮我们修改了Servlet容器的配置?
怎么修改的原理?
5)、容器中导入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 @Override public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization (Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException { if (bean instanceof ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) { postProcessBeforeInitialization((ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) bean); } return bean; } private void postProcessBeforeInitialization ( ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer bean) { for (EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer customizer : getCustomizers()) { customizer.customize(bean); } } private Collection<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer> getCustomizers () { if (this .customizers == null ) { this .customizers = new ArrayList<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer>( this .beanFactory .getBeansOfType(EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer.class , false , false ) .values ()) ; Collections.sort(this .customizers, AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE); this .customizers = Collections.unmodifiableList(this .customizers); } return this .customizers; } ServerProperties也是定制器
步骤:
1)、SpringBoot根据导入的依赖情况,给容器中添加相应的EmbeddedServletContainerFactory【TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory】
2)、容器中某个组件要创建对象就会惊动后置处理器;EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor;
只要是嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂,后置处理器就工作;
3)、后置处理器,从容器中获取所有的EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer ,调用定制器的定制方法
嵌入式Servlet容器启动原理; 什么时候创建嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂?什么时候获取嵌入式的Servlet容器并启动Tomcat;
获取嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂:
1)、SpringBoot应用启动运行run方法
2)、refreshContext(context);SpringBoot刷新IOC容器【创建IOC容器对象,并初始化容器,创建容器中的每一个组件】;如果是web应用创建AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext ,否则:AnnotationConfigApplicationContext
3)、refresh(context);刷新刚才创建好的ioc容器;
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 public void refresh () throws BeansException, IllegalStateException { synchronized (this .startupShutdownMonitor) { prepareRefresh(); ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory(); prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory); try { postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory); invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory); registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory); initMessageSource(); initApplicationEventMulticaster(); onRefresh(); registerListeners(); finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory); finishRefresh(); } catch (BeansException ex) { if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) { logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " + "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex); } destroyBeans(); cancelRefresh(ex); throw ex; } finally { resetCommonCaches(); } } }
4)、 onRefresh(); web的ioc容器重写了onRefresh方法
5)、webioc容器会创建嵌入式的Servlet容器;createEmbeddedServletContainer ();
6)、获取嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂:
EmbeddedServletContainerFactory containerFactory = getEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
从ioc容器中获取EmbeddedServletContainerFactory 组件;TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory 创建对象,后置处理器一看是这个对象,就获取所有的定制器来先定制Servlet容器的相关配置;
7)、使用容器工厂获取嵌入式的Servlet容器 :this.embeddedServletContainer = containerFactory .getEmbeddedServletContainer(getSelfInitializer());
8)、嵌入式的Servlet容器创建对象并启动Servlet容器;
先启动嵌入式的Servlet容器,再将ioc容器中剩下没有创建出的对象获取出来;
IOC容器启动创建嵌入式的Servlet容器
使用外置的Servlet容器 嵌入式Servlet容器:应用打成可执行的jar
优点:简单、便携;
缺点:默认不支持JSP、优化定制比较复杂(使用定制器【ServerProperties、自定义EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer】,自己编写嵌入式Servlet容器的创建工厂【EmbeddedServletContainerFactory】);
外置的Servlet容器:外面安装Tomcat—应用war包的方式打包;
步骤 1)、必须创建一个war项目;(利用idea创建好目录结构)
2)、将嵌入式的Tomcat指定为provided;
1 2 3 4 5 <dependency > <groupId > org.springframework.boot</groupId > <artifactId > spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId > <scope > provided</scope > </dependency >
3)、必须编写一个SpringBootServletInitializer 的子类,并调用configure方法
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 public class ServletInitializer extends SpringBootServletInitializer { @Override protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure (SpringApplicationBuilder application) { return application.sources(SpringBoot04WebJspApplication.class ) ; } }
4)、启动服务器就可以使用;
原理 jar包:执行SpringBoot主类的main方法,启动ioc容器,创建嵌入式的Servlet容器;
war包:启动服务器,服务器启动SpringBoot应用 【SpringBootServletInitializer】,启动ioc容器;
servlet3.0(Spring注解版):
8.2.4 Shared libraries / runtimes pluggability:
规则:
1)、服务器启动(web应用启动)会创建当前web应用里面每一个jar包里面ServletContainerInitializer实例:
2)、ServletContainerInitializer的实现放在jar包的META-INF/services文件夹下,有一个名为javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer的文件,内容就是ServletContainerInitializer的实现类的全类名
3)、还可以使用@HandlesTypes,在应用启动的时候加载我们感兴趣的类;
流程:
1)、启动Tomcat
2)、org\springframework\spring-web\4.3.14.RELEASE\spring-web-4.3.14.RELEASE.jar!\META-INF\services\javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer:
Spring的web模块里面有这个文件:org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer
3)、SpringServletContainerInitializer将@HandlesTypes(WebApplicationInitializer.class)标注的所有这个类型的类都传入到onStartup方法的Set<Class<?>>;为这些WebApplicationInitializer类型的类创建实例;
4)、每一个WebApplicationInitializer都调用自己的onStartup;
5)、相当于我们的SpringBootServletInitializer的类会被创建对象,并执行onStartup方法
6)、SpringBootServletInitializer实例执行onStartup的时候会createRootApplicationContext;创建容器
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext ( ServletContext servletContext) { SpringApplicationBuilder builder = createSpringApplicationBuilder(); StandardServletEnvironment environment = new StandardServletEnvironment(); environment.initPropertySources(servletContext, null ); builder.environment(environment); builder.main(getClass()); ApplicationContext parent = getExistingRootWebApplicationContext(servletContext); if (parent != null ) { this .logger.info("Root context already created (using as parent)." ); servletContext.setAttribute( WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, null ); builder.initializers(new ParentContextApplicationContextInitializer(parent)); } builder.initializers( new ServletContextApplicationContextInitializer(servletContext)); builder.contextClass(AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext.class ) ; builder = configure(builder); SpringApplication application = builder.build(); if (application.getSources().isEmpty() && AnnotationUtils .findAnnotation(getClass(), Configuration.class ) ! = null ) { application.getSources().add(getClass()); } Assert.state(!application.getSources().isEmpty(), "No SpringApplication sources have been defined. Either override the " + "configure method or add an @Configuration annotation" ); if (this .registerErrorPageFilter) { application.getSources().add(ErrorPageFilterConfiguration.class ) ; } return run(application); }
7)、Spring的应用就启动并且创建IOC容器
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 public ConfigurableApplicationContext run (String... args) { StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch(); stopWatch.start(); ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null ; FailureAnalyzers analyzers = null ; configureHeadlessProperty(); SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args); listeners.starting(); try { ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments( args); ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners, applicationArguments); Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment); context = createApplicationContext(); analyzers = new FailureAnalyzers(context); prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments, printedBanner); refreshContext(context); afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments); listeners.finished(context, null ); stopWatch.stop(); if (this .logStartupInfo) { new StartupInfoLogger(this .mainApplicationClass) .logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch); } return context; } catch (Throwable ex) { handleRunFailure(context, listeners, analyzers, ex); throw new IllegalStateException(ex); } }
启动Servlet容器,再启动SpringBoot应用